Furthermore, several studies have shown that good vitamin E status, especially tocotrienols, is associated with cognitive health and reduced risk of cognitive impairment in older adults.[5,6] In a cross-sectional multicenter study on elderly subjects, researchers at the Aging Research Center at Karolinska Institutet in Stockholm found that cognitively normal individuals had better mean plasma levels of vitamin E, especially tocotrienols, and lower oxidative damage markers.[5] Other research has demonstrated that combined tocopherol and tocotrienol administration supports healthy liver conditions and liver triglyceride metabolism.*[7-10]

EVNol has a self-affirmed GRAS (generally recognized as safe) designation. It is 100% vegetarian-based and is derived from non-GMO sources.

N-Acetyl-Cysteine (NAC) is a precursor to glutathione—a tripeptide active in detoxification and antioxidant systems. Research suggests that NAC hinders the formation of free radicals that can contribute to oxidative stress in the brain.*[11]

Phosphatidylserine (PS) is a phospholipid that is highly concentrated in the brain and plays a key role in neuronal energy production and communication. The body must synthesize the PS it needs for brain health because very little is found in food. Supplementation can help maintain normal brain levels of PS and thereby support brain functions that are dependent on this vital phospholipid.[12-14] For some individuals, changes in brain function may be related to “age-related decline in nutrition,”[15] and early nutrition intervention may be warranted. These Neurall Meal formulas contain safe-source PS from non-GMO soy.*

Acetyl-L-Carnitine (ALCAR) supports nerve health.[16] It is able to cross the blood-brain barrier where it stabilizes cell membranes, provides antioxidant support, and helps maintain brain cell health.[17-19] In addition, ALCAR supports neuronal energy production, facilitates transport of fuel and waste products into and out of mitochondria, and supports production of acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter essential to the processes of learning and concentration.*[18,20]

Alpha-Lipoic Acid has fat- and water-soluble properties and therefore imparts intracellular and extracellular protection against oxidative stress. With its low molecular weight, alpha-lipoic acid is easily absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract. It then enters circulation, crosses the blood-brain barrier, and reaches the brain where it can support antioxidant activity and regenerate glutathione, vitamin E, and vitamin C.*[21,22]

Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) plays a pivotal role in energy generation because it transports electrons in the mitochondrial electron transport chain. CoQ10 also donates electrons, helping to protect the brain from oxidative stress and further supporting neuronal cell health.*[23]

Glucoraphanin (previously Brassica’s SGS™, now Brassica’s truebroc™) is a patented phytochemical derived from broccoli extract. Extensive research suggests that when glucoraphanin is enzymatically converted to sulforaphane (its active form), it safely and effectively supports the Nrf2 system, antioxidant systems, and vital phase II detoxification enzymes.[24,25] This process provides protection from common toxins and xenobiotics.*

DHA (docosahexaenoic acid) is a conditionally essential fatty acid and the main polyunsaturated fatty acid in the brain. DHA supports the structure and function of brain cell membranes, and hence plays a fundamental role in neuronal communication.[26] Studies suggest that DHA supports the biosynthesis and accumulation of PS in neuronal and glial cells as well.*[27]

VegaPro™ is Strike First Nutrition’s proprietary and lactose-free pea/rice protein blend. In Neurall Meal, VegaPro is coupled with Aminogen®, an enzyme complex that facilitates protein digestion and absorption. Amino acids from protein metabolism provide the precursors needed for neurotransmitter production.*

Micronutrients complete the adult version of this formula’s comprehensive design. These include magnesium, calcium, phosphorus, vitamin D3, vitamin E (as mixed tocopherols), and activated B vitamins riboflavin 5’-phosphate (B2), pyridoxal 5’-phosphate (B6), methylcobalamin (B12), and folate as 5-MTHF (5-methyltetrahydrofolate). 5-MTHF supports healthy folate nutrition, especially in individuals with genetic variations in folate metabolism. 5-MTHF is provided as Quatrefolic® for enhanced stability, solubility, and bioavailability.[28,29]

Recommended Use: Blend, shake, or briskly stir two scoops (51 g) into 8-12 oz chilled water and consume once daily, or as directed by your healthcare practitioner. Adjust amount of water to desired sweetness and thickness.

Storage: Keep tightly closed in a cool, dry place out of reach of children.

Does Not Contain: Wheat, gluten, yeast, soy protein, dairy products, fish, shellfish, peanuts, tree nuts, egg, artificial colors, or artificial sweeteners

References

1. Selvaraju TR, Khaza’ai H, Vidyadaran S, et al. The neuroprotective effects of tocotrienol rich fraction and alpha tocopherol against glutamate injury in astrocytes. Bosn J Basic Med Sci. 2014 Nov 16;14(4):195-204. [PMID: 25428670]
2. Gopalan Y, Shuaib IL, Magosso E, et al. Clinical investigation of the protective effects of palm vitamin E tocotrienols on brain white matter. Stroke. 2014 May;45(5):1422-28. [PMID: 24699052]
3. Rink C, Christoforidis G, Khanna S, et al. Tocotrienol vitamin E protects against preclinical canine ischemic stroke by inducing arteriogenesis. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 2011 Nov;31(11):2218- 30. [PMID: 21673716]
4. Khosla P, Patel V, Whinter JM, et al. Postprandial levels of the natural vitamin E tocotrienol in human circulation. Antioxid Redox Signal. 2006 May-Jun;8(5-6):1059-68. [PMID: 16771695]
5. Mangialasche F, Xu W, Kivipelto M, et al. Tocopherols and tocotrienols plasma levels are associated with cognitive impairment. Neurobiol Aging. 2012 Oct;33(10):2282-90. [PMID: 22192241]
6. Mangialasche F, Solomon A, Kåreholt I, et al. Serum levels of vitamin E forms and risk of cognitive impairment in a Finnish cohort of older adults. Exp Gerontol. 2013 Dec;48(12):1428-35. [PMID: 24113154]
7. Muto C, Yachi R, Aoki Y, et al. Gamma-tocotrienol reduces the triacylglycerol level in rat primary hepatocytes through regulation of fatty acid metabolism. J Clin Biochem Nutr. 2013 Jan;52(1):32- 37. [PMID: 23341695]
8. Yachi R, Muto C, Ohtaka N, et al. Effects of tocotrienol on tumor necrosis factor-α/dgalactosamine-induced steatohepatitis in rats. J Clin Biochem Nutr. 2013 Mar;52(2):146-53. [PMID: 23526264]
9. Magosso E, Ansari MA, Gopalan Y, et al. Tocotrienols for normalisation of hepatic echogenic response in nonalcoholic fatty liver: a randomised placebo-controlled clinical trial. Nutr J. 2013 Dec 27;12(1):166. [PMID: 24373555]
10. Thendiono EJ, Arguillas M. The effect of vitamin E (mixed tocotrienol) on the liver stiffness measurement measured by transient elastography (fibroscan) among NAFLD patients. Poster presented at: APASL Liver Week; June 6-10, 2013; Suntec, Singapore.
11. Sansone RA, Sansone LA. Getting a knack for NAC: N-acetyl-cysteine. Innov Clin Neurosci. 2011 Jan;8(1):10-14. [PMID: 21311702]
12. Kato-Kataoka A, Sakai M, Ebina R, et al. Soybean-derived phosphatidylserine improves memory function of the elderly Japanese subjects with memory complaints. J Clin Biochem Nutr. 2010 Nov;47(3):246-55. [PMID: 21103034]
13. Richter Y, Herzog Y, Cohen T, et al. The effect of phosphatidylserine-containing omega-3 fatty acids on memory abilities in subjects with subjective memory complaints: a pilot study. Clin Interv Aging. 2010 Nov 2;5:313-16. [PMID: 21103402]
14. Vakhapova V, Cohen T, Richter Y, et al. Phosphatidylserine containing omega-3 fatty acids may improve memory abilities in non-demented elderly with memory complaints: a double-blind placebo-controlled trial. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord. 2010;29(5):467-74. [PMID: 20523044]
15. Suchy J, Chan A, Shea TB. Dietary supplementation with a combination of alpha-lipoic acid, acetyl-L-carnitine, glycerophosphocoline, docosahexaenoic acid, and phosphatidylserine reduces oxidative damage to murine brain and improves cognitive performance. Nutr Res. 2009 Jan;29(1):70-74. [PMID: 19185780]
16. Picconi B, Barone I, Pisani A, et al. Acetyl-L-carnitine protects striatal neurons against in vitro ischemia: the role of endogenous acetylcholine. Neuropharmacology. 2006 Jun;50(8):917-23. [PMID: 16500685]
17. Steffen V, Santiago M, de la Cruz CP, et al. Effect of intraventricular injection of 1-methyl-4- phenylpyridinium: protection by acetyl-L-carnitine. Hum Exp Toxicol. 1995 Nov;14(11):865-71. [PMID: 8588946]
18. Sorbi S, Forleo P, Fani C, et al. Double-blind, crossover, placebo-controlled clinical trial with L-acetylcarnitine in patients with degenerative cerebellar ataxia. Clin Neuropharmacol. 2000 Mar-Apr;23(2):114-18. [PMID: 10803803]
19. Jones LL, McDonald DA, Borum PR. Acylcarnitines: role in brain. Prog Lipid Res. 2010 Jan;49(1):61-75. Review. [PMID: 19720082]
20. Kobayashi S, Iwamoto M, Kon K, et al. Acetyl-L-carnitine improves aged brain function. Geriatr Gerontol Int. 2010 Jul;10 Suppl 1:S99-106. [PMID: 20590847]
21. Packer L, Tritschler HJ, Wessel K. Neuroprotection by the metabolic antioxidant alpha-lipoic acid. Free Radic Biol Med. 1997;22(1-2):359-78. Review. [PMID: 8958163]
22. Liu J. The effects and mechanisms of mitochondrial nutrient alpha-lipoic acid on improving age-associated mitochondrial and cognitive dysfunction: an overview. Neurochem Res. 2008 Jan;33(1):194-203. Review. [PMID: 17605107]
23. Mancuso M, Orsucci D, Volpi L, et al. Coenzyme Q10 in neuromuscular and neurodegenerative disorders. Curr Drug Targets. 2010 Jan;11(1):111-21. Review. [PMID: 20017723]
24. Ping Z, Liu W, Kang Z, et al. Sulforaphane protects brains against hypoxic-ischemic injury through induction of Nrf2-dependent phase 2 enzyme. Brain Res. 2010 Jul 9;1343:178-85. [PMID: 20417626]
25. Vauzour D, Buonfiglio M, Corona G, et al. Sulforaphane protects cortical neurons against 5-S-cysteinyl-dopamine-induced toxicity through the activation of ERK1/2, Nrf-2 and the upregulation of detoxification enzymes. Mol Nutr Food Res. 2010 Apr;54(4):532-42. [PMID: 20166144]
26. Chang CY, Ke DS, Chen JY. Essential fatty acids and human brain. Acta Neurol Taiwan. 2009 Dec;18(4):231-41. Review. [PMID: 20329590]
27. Guo M, Stockert L, Akbar M, et al. Neuronal specific increase of phosphatidylserine by docosahexaenoic acid. J Mol Neurosci. 2007 Sep;33(1):67-73. [PMID: 17901548]
28. Prinz-Langenohl R, Brämswig S, Tobolski O, et al. [6S]-5-methyltetrahydrofolate increases plasma folate more effectively than folic acid in women with the homozygous or wild-type 677C–>T polymorphism of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase. Br J Pharmacol. 2009 Dec;158(8):2014- 21. [PMID: 19917061]
29. Quatrefolic®. http://quatrefolic.com. Accessed April 30, 2012.